Method of making a stud assembly

ABSTRACT

A stud assembly produced by holding in a fixed position a head portion having a gripping surface extending from a base. A deformable washer is then extended over the base. A stud member is provided with a receptacle end portion and positioned with respect to the base of the head so that interengaging and cooperating surfaces on the receptacle and base are aligned and provide locking apertures for receiving the washer. Finally, the washer is deformed so that it extends into the locking apertures thereby locking the stud member to the head and forming a unitary stud assembly.

United States Patent 1191 Schenk Apr. 1, 1975 [73] Assignee: DrusFastener Co., Inc., West lslip,

[22] Filed: Nov. 5, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 412,707

[52] US. Cl 29/467, 29/520, 29/526, 24/221 R, 74/543, 85/9 R [51] Int.Cl B23q3/00,B21d39/00,B23p 11/00 [58] Field of Search 29/467, 464, 520,526',

24/221 R; 74/543; 85/9 R, 5 P, 5 M

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 873,424 12/1907 Greene29/520 UX 1,152,722 9/1915 Furber 29/520 UX 2,603,680 7/1952 Snyder29/520 UX 2.660,083 11/1953 Tyson 85/9 R 2,676,049 4/1954 Wurzel 29/520X 3,296,694 l/l967 DeMastry et al. 29/520 Primary ExaminerCharlie T.Moon Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Kane, Dalsimer, Kane, Sullivan and Kurucz57 ABSTRACT A stud assembly produced by holding in a fixed position ahead portion having a gripping surface extending from a base. Adeformable washer is then extended over the base. A stud member isprovided with a receptacle end portion and positioned with respect tothe base of the head so that interengaging and cooperating surfaces onthe receptacle and base are aligned and provide locking apertures forreceiving the washer. Finally, the washer is deformed so that it extendsinto the locking apertures thereby locking the stud member to the headand forming a unitary stud assembly.

8 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures PATENTEDAPR H975 3,874,065.

I saw 1 or 3 FIG.

PRODUCT METHOD PATENTED APR I I975 sumaum FIG. 7

FIG. 6

METHOD OF MAKING A STUD ASSEMBLY BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In manyfastener arrangements it is desirable to use an elongated stud memberhaving a wing type head portion. This design arrangement presentsobvious manufacturing difficulties. With the unusual shape of the headrather complex and difficult machining processes would be necessary inorder to make a one-piece fastener element. In contrast, there is noknown successful means for manufacturing a low-cost multicomponent studdesign to accommodate the wing head design.

It should also be kept in mind that working with extremely elongatedstud members presents increased manufacturing difficulties when a winghead design is to be employed therewith. Once again machining of such amember is extremely costly and, additionally, well known methods forconstructing a multi-piece unit would be prohibitive from a cost andefficiency standpoint.

Consequently, it is readily apparent that a stud assembly having anelongated stud member and a wing head portion which can be efficientlymanufactured at low cost would be extremely advantageous to the fastenerart.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION With the above background in mind, it is aprimary objective of the present invention to provide a multipiece studassembly which is quick and easy to manufacture and assemble, is of lowcost and incorporates members which are positively interengaged toprevent disassembly. The stud assembly is adaptable for use with manytypes of stud configurations and is particularly designed to beadaptable for use with elongated studs which require a winged head.

In summary, the stud assembly is produced by holding in fixed position ahead portion having a gripping surface extending from a base portion. Adeformable washer is extended over the base and a stud member isprovided with a receptacle end portion which is positioned with respectto the base so that interengaging and cooperating surfaces on thereceptacle and base are aligned and provide locking apertures forreceiving the washer. Finally, the washer is deformed so that it extendsinto the locking apertures thereby locking the stud member to the headand forming a unitary stud assembly.

With the above objectives, among others, in mind reference is had to theattached drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the stud assembly of theinvention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional elevation view ofa holding jig arrangementdesigned to facilitate the assembly of the stud assembly of theinvention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional elevation view thereof with the plane of thesection being 90 out of phase with the plane of the sectional view ofFIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional elevation view thereof taken along the same planeas FIG. 2 and showing the wing head portion in position in the holdingjig;

FIG. 5 is a sectional elevation view thereof in the same plane as theplane of the section view of FIG. 3

and showing the washer in position in the holding jig along with thewing head;

FIG. 6 is a sectional elevation view thereof in the same plane as thesections of FIGS. 2 and 4 and showing the stud member, washer and winghead in position in the holding jig for final interengagement;

FIG. 7 is a sectional elevation view thereof along the same plane as theplanes of FIGS. 3 and 5 and showing a plunger interengaging with thewasher so as to deform the washer and complete formation of the unitarystud assembly of the invention; and

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a stud assembly of the invention.

, DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Stud assembly 20 as shown inassembled form in FIG. 8. The components of stud assembly 20 are shownprior to assembly in FIG. 1. They include a head 21, a washer 22 and -astud member 23. Materials for the components' are of readily availableconventional material which is used for fasteners such as steel. It ispreferable that washer 22 be deformable in nature so as to achieve theproper fastening interengagement between components.

The head 2l includes a generally rectangular shaped base 24 and a pairof wings extending from one end of the base and laterally therefrom soas to form a gripping surface 25 for the stud assembly. Base 24 has abeveled end portion 26 distal from the winggripping portion 25 so as tofacilitate assembly of head 21 with the remaining components ofthe-assembly. Intermediate the ends of head 24 is a pair of opposingnotches 27 which form locking recesses for interengagement of thecomponents. Preferably, a notch 27 is provided on each of the twoshorter sides of the base portion 24, however, it is readily apparentthat the configuration of base 24 can be readily altered as well as thenumber, configuration and placement of the notches 27..

Washer 22 in unassembled position is flat in the portion adjacent to theopening 28 in its center and is curved or arcuate in its outer portion29. I

Stud member 23 includes a receptacle end portion 30 for interengagementwith washer 22 and head 21 and a shank portion 31. As shown, shankportion 31 is generally cylindrical in configuration with a largerdiameter portion distal from receptacle portion 30 than the portion ofstud 31 therebetween. Additionally, 1 as shown in FIG. 8, the largerportion of shank 31 includes a cam slot 32 therein for interengagementwith a receptacle for the entire stud assembly.

The receptacle portion 30 of stud member 23 includes a pair of spacedannular shoulders 33 and 34 projecting laterally from stud member 23.The space therebetween forms a circular groove 35. A lateral slot 36 cutdiametrically with respect to stud member 23 extends through receptacleportion 30 so as to be open at the engaging end of receptacle portion 30and on opposing sides of the receptacle portion. Slot 36 is designed soas to receive base 24 therein.

In actual assembly, washer 22 is extended over head 21 with base 24passing through opening 28 in the washer. Stud 23 is then passed throughopening 28 in the washer and base 24 is received in slot 36 ofreceptacle portion 30. The stud, washer and base are then aligned sothat washer 28 is in alignment with annular groove 35 and lockingrecesses 27. The washer is then flattened and being deformable willextend into groove 35 and locking recesses 27 and remain therein therebylocking stud 23 and head 21 together. In this manner, a stud assemblywith a wing head is formed of compo nent parts which are rigidly andpositively interlocked.

To facilitate manufacture of the stud assembly 20, appropriate jigs andassembly mechanisms can be employed as depicted. As shown in FIG. 1, theassembling structure includes a holding jig 37, a locking ring 38, and aplunger 39. Holding jig 37 includes appropriate recesses to receive thecomponents and to cooperate with plunger 39 to interlock the componentsin the sequence depicted in FIGS. 4-7 to arrive at a completed studassembly 20 as depicted in FIG. 8. FIGS. 2 and 3 depict the details ofthe holding jig 37 with the appropriate recesses to receive thecomponent parts. Jig 37 is generally cylindrical in configuration andincludes an annular shoulder 40 intermediate its ends extending from itsouter surface. A central bore 41 terminates at its upper end in steppedportions of larger diameter to accommodate the various components. Insequence, smaller bore 41 opens into enlarged intermediate bore portion42 which in turn opens into a larger upper bore portion 43. Theenlargement of the central bore forms a pair of annular shoulders 44 and45 which serve as stop means for parts during the assembly process. Theupper end of larger central bore portion 43 terminates in a beveled rim46 which facilitates insertion of parts into the various diameterportions of 41, 42 and 43 of the central bore. A rectangulardiametrically located slot 47 extends across the width of holding jig 37and is cut deep enough so as to extend through portions 41, 42 and 43 ofthe central bore. Slot 47 is open at the top and is wide enough toreceive the winged portion of head 21 which forms gripping surface 25.

The initial assembly step as depicted in FIG. 4 includes positioninghead 21 so that it is located in slot 47 and is entirely within holdingjig 37. The locking ring 38 which is of slightly larger inner diameterthan the outer diameter of holding jig 37 is then slid onto the upperportion thereof so that its lower surface is in interengagement with theupper surface of annular shoulder 40. The locking ring 38 then closesthe openings at the edges of slot 47 and fixes the position of the winghead therein from a lateral standpoint. The bottom of the wing headrests against the bottom of slot 47. Base portion 24 is locatedapproximately centrally with respect to the central bore in position toreceive the further components. Deformable washer 22 is then insertedinto the central bore until it rests on shoulder 45 where it is inlateral alignment with notches 27 in head 21. The flat portion of washer22 rests on the shoulder while the arcuate outer portion 29 is spacedfrom the shoulder as shown in FIG. 5.

Thereafter, stud member 23 is inserted into the central bore until theundersurface of receptacle portion 30 comes into engagement withshoulder 44. This position is depicted in FIG. 6 and brings groove 35into alignment with the inner edge of washer 22 and locking notches orrecesses 27. Alignment of slot 36 with respect to base 24 permitsreception of the base within the slot. The slot 36 having a slightlygreater diameter than the outer diameter of base 24.

With the components of stud assembly 20 in that position, as shown inFIG. 7, plunger 39 having a central bore 49 therethrough is thenutilized to complete the assembly operation. Bore 49 is of slightlylarger diameter than the largest outer diameter of shank 31 of studmember 23. This permits plunger 39 to be extended over the shank 31 ofthe stud member which serves as a guide for facilitating the accuratelowering of the plunger into proper position within holding jig 37.

Plunger 39 is lowered as guided by shank 31 until it enters the centralbore of the holding jig and comes into engagement with the upper surfaceof washer 22. Continued downward pressure of plunger 39 causes thewasher to deform and be displaced in the only possible direction whichis into groove 35 and locking notches or recesses 27. Sufficientpressure is utilized by means of plunger 39 so as to flatten washer 22as shown in FIG. 7. The deformed washer will remain in the flattenedposition when the plunger is removed thereby retaining the head 21 andstud 23 in locked position with respect to one another and forming theunitary stud assembly 20.

Removal of complete assembly from holding jig 20 37 is facilitated bythe presence of an opening 48 in the underside of the holding jig whichpermits access to the bottom end of bore 41. An appropriate tool can beinserted through opening 41 and up through bore 41 into engagement withassembly 20 and forcing assembly 20 out from the upper end of holdingjig 37. The resultant productis depicted in FIG. 8 after removal fromthe jig.

Thus, the above objectives of the present invention, among others, areeffectively attained.

I claim:

1. A method of producing a stud assembly comprisholding in fixedposition a head portion having a gripping surface extending from a base;

extending a deformable washer over the base;

providing a stud member with a receptacle end portion and positioningthe stud member with respect to the base of the head so thatinterengaging and cooperating surfaces on the receptacle and base arealigned and provide locking apertures for receiving the washer; and

deforming the washer so that it extends into the locking aperturesthereby locking the stud member to the head and forming a unitary studassembly.

2. A method of producing a stud assembly comprismg:

holding in a fixed position a head portion having opposing lateral wingsextending from a base with at least one locking recess therein;

extending a deformable washer over the base part in alignment with therecess in the base;

providing a stud member with a receptacle end portion having a slottherein and a circumferential groove adjacent the edge thereof andpositioning the stud member so that the base of the head portion isreceived in the slot and the circumferential groove is aligned with thewasher and the recess; and

deforming the washer so that it extends into the groove and slot of thestud and the locking recess of the head thereby locking the stud memberto the head and forming a unitary stud assembly.

3. The invention in accordance with claim 2 wherein there are twoopposing locking recesses with each recess positioned in opposing sideof the head.

4. The invention in accordance with claim 3 wherein the head isrectangular in shape and the locking recesses are notched in a pair ofopposed sides thereof.

with the space therebetween forming the circumferential groove and theslot extending through the rings.

8. The invention in accordance with claim 1 wherein the stud, washer,and head portion are adapted for insertion into a holding jig withcooperating recesses in position for acceptance of a plunger designedfor engagementwith the washer and cooperating with the jig to achievedeformation of the washer to form the stud assembly.

1. A method of producing a stud assembly comprising: holding in fixedposition a head portion having a gripping surface extending from a base;extending a deformable washer over the base; providing a stud memberwith a receptacle end portion and positioning the stud member withrespect to the base of the head so that interengaging and cooperatingsurfaces on the receptacle and base are aligned and provide lockingapertures for receiving the washer; and deforming the washer so that itextends into the locking apertures thereby locking the stud member tothe head and forming a unitary stud assembly.
 2. A method of producing astud assembly comprising: holding in a fixed position a head portionhaving opposing lateral wings extending from a base with at least onelocking recess therein; extending a deformable washer over the base partin alignment with the recess in the base; providing a stud member with areceptacle end portion having a slot therein and a circumferentialgroove adjacent the edge thereof and positioning the stud member so thatthe base of the head portion is received in the slot and thecircumferential groove is aligned with the washer and the recess; anddeforming the washer so that it extends into the groove and slot of thestud and the locking recess of the head thereby locking the stud memberto the head and forming a unitary stud assembly.
 3. The invention inaccordance with claim 2 wherein there are two opposing locking recesseswith each recess positioned in opposing side of the head.
 4. Theinvention in accordance with claim 3 wherein the head is rectangular inshape and the locking recesses are notched in a pair of opposed sidesthereof.
 5. The invention in accordance with claim 4 wherein the pair ofsides containing the recesses have beveled upper edge portions tofacilitate assembly with the washer and stud member.
 6. The invention inaccordance with claim 1 wherein the stud member is substantiallycylindrical in configuration.
 7. The invention in accordance with claim6 wherein the receptacle end portion including the slot has a pair ofspaced annular rings extending laterally therefrom with the spacetherebetween forming the circumferential groove and the slot extendingthrough the rings.
 8. The invention in accordance with claim 1 whereinthe stud, washer, and head portion are adapted for insertion into aholding jig with cooperating recesses in position for acceptance of aplunger designed for engagement with the washer and cooperating with thejig to achieve deformation of the washer to form the stud assembly.